Colorado is home to some of the most spectacular natural landscapes in the United States, and it’s no wonder that Colorado is known for its national parks, which attract millions of visitors each year. From towering mountains to sprawling sand dunes, these parks offer a variety of scenic wonders and adventures for outdoor enthusiasts. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the best national parks in Colorado and everything you need to know to plan your perfect trip.
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Colorado National Parks at a Glance
Colorado has four national parks, each with its own unique features and attractions. These include the Rocky Mountain National Park, Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, Mesa Verde National Park, and Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park. These parks offer opportunities for hiking, biking, rock climbing, wildlife viewing, and more.
- Rocky Mountain National Park: Over 350 miles of hiking trails, scenic drives, and abundant wildlife. Visitors can explore the park’s alpine tundra, glacier-carved valleys, and pristine lakes. The park is also home to numerous campgrounds, backcountry campsites, and lodges, making it an ideal destination for overnight stays.
- Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve: Home of the tallest sand dunes in North America. Visitors can hike to the top of the dunes, sled down them, or explore the surrounding mountains and wetlands. The park also offers opportunities for stargazing, birdwatching, and learning about the area’s geology and ecology.
- Mesa Verde National Park: A UNESCO World Heritage Site, home to some of the best-preserved Native American cliff dwellings in North America. Visitors can take guided tours of the ancient ruins, learn about the park’s history and culture, and explore the surrounding wilderness. The park also offers opportunities for hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing.
- Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park: A hidden gem, featuring steep cliffs, rugged canyons, and the roaring Gunnison River. Visitors can hike to the bottom of the canyon, fish in the river, or explore the park’s scenic drives and overlooks. The park also offers opportunities for rock climbing, kayaking, and stargazing.
Rocky Mountain National Park
Rocky Mountain National Park is a breathtaking natural wonder that offers visitors a chance to explore the rugged Rocky Mountains and marvel at the incredible wildlife and plant species that call this area home. Covering over 400 square miles, this national park is one of the most popular destinations in Colorado, attracting millions of visitors each year, making it an ideal weekend getaway.
As you enter the park, you’ll be greeted by stunning vistas of snow-capped peaks, crystal-clear lakes, and dense forests that stretch as far as the eye can see. It’s no wonder that Rocky Mountain National Park is a favorite destination for hikers, climbers, and nature lovers alike.
Iconic Attractions and Activities
There are so many things to see and do in Rocky Mountain National Park that it can be difficult to know where to start. Some of the must-see attractions include:
- Trail Ridge Road: This is the highest continuous paved road in the United States, and it offers stunning views of the surrounding mountains and valleys. Along the way, you’ll pass through several different ecosystems, from dense forests to alpine tundra.
- Bear Lake: This tranquil alpine lake is surrounded by scenic trails that offer visitors a chance to explore the surrounding wilderness. Whether you’re looking for a leisurely stroll or a challenging hike, there’s something for everyone here.
- Longs Peak: This is the park’s highest peak, and it’s a favorite destination for experienced climbers. With an elevation of over 14,000 feet, it’s not for the faint of heart, but the views from the top are absolutely breathtaking.
Wildlife and Plant Life
Rocky Mountain National Park is home to an incredible array of wildlife and plant species. Visitors may be lucky enough to spot elk, moose, bighorn sheep, and black bears during their visit. The park is also home to a diverse range of plant life, from towering pine trees to delicate alpine wildflowers.
If you’re interested in learning more about the park’s wildlife and plant species, be sure to check out one of the park’s many interpretive programs or guided tours. These programs are led by knowledgeable rangers who can help you spot wildlife and identify different plant species.
Visitor Information and Tips
If you’re planning a visit to Rocky Mountain National Park, keep in mind that the park is most busy in the summer months. To avoid the crowds, we recommend you visit during the Fall. The park’s fall foliage is also a sight to behold, with the changing colors of the aspen and cottonwood trees creating a stunning display.
Wear comfortable hiking shoes, dress appropriately for hiking, and pack plenty of water and snacks. The weather in the park can be unpredictable, so it’s always a good idea to bring layers and rain gear. Be sure to check the park’s website for detailed visitor information on the latest COVID-19 protocols and park closures.
If you’re looking for a unique experience, consider camping in the park. Rocky Mountain National Park offers several campgrounds, including backcountry camping for those looking to get off the beaten path. The park also offers ranger-led programs and educational opportunities for visitors of all ages.
Best Times to Visit Rocky Mountain National Park
The best time to visit Rocky Mountain National Park is from June to September when the weather is mild and the park is open. During this time, visitors can enjoy a wide range of activities, from hiking and camping to fishing and wildlife watching.
However, it’s important to note that this is also the peak season, and crowds can be overwhelming. If you’re looking for a quieter experience, consider visiting during the spring or fall when the crowds have thinned out and the foliage is absolutely stunning.
Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve is a unique and breathtaking landscape that offers visitors a chance to experience towering sand dunes, surrounded by mountain peaks and wetlands. Located in South Central Colorado, this national park spans over 30 square miles and is home to a variety of wildlife, including black bears, coyotes, and elk.
Unique Features and Landscape
The park’s centerpiece is the tallest sand dune in North America, reaching a height of 750 feet. The sand dunes are created by the wind carrying sediment from the surrounding mountains, creating a surreal and ever-changing landscape. The dunes are not only a sight to behold, but they also serve as a natural barrier, protecting the wetlands and the diverse wildlife that call them home.
As you explore the park, you’ll also notice the diverse range of ecosystems that exist within its boundaries. From alpine tundra to high desert, the park’s unique geography creates a variety of habitats for plants and animals.
Iconic Attractions and Activities
Visitors to Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve can enjoy a wide range of recreational activities, including camping, hiking, sandboarding, and stargazing.
- High Dune on the First Ridge: Climb this prominent dune for stunning views of the dune field and surrounding mountains
- Star Dune: Tallest dune in North America, offering a challenging hike and rewarding panoramic views
- Medano Creek: Seasonal creek (peak flow in spring and early summer) perfect for splashing, playing, and relaxing on the sandy beach
- Zapata Falls: Short hike to a hidden waterfall, offering a refreshing break from the sand and heat (located just outside the park)
- Mosca Pass Trail: Moderate hike through aspen and pine forests, leading to an historic mountain pass with scenic views
- Stargazing: Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve is a designated International Dark Sky Park. With its remote location and minimal light pollution, the park offers unparalleled views of the night sky.
For those looking to explore the sand dunes, there are several options. Visitors can explore the dunes on foot, horseback, or by renting sand sleds or boards. Medano Creek, which flows through the park in the summer, offers a refreshing oasis for wading, swimming, and relaxing. Don’t miss the natural hot springs near Medano Creek.
Visitor Information and Tips
If you’re heading to Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve, it’s important to be prepared for the weather conditions. During the summer months, temperatures can reach up to 95 degrees Fahrenheit, so it’s important to protect yourself from the heat by wearing light, comfortable clothing and bringing plenty of sunscreen and water. Additionally, visitors should be aware of the potential for thunderstorms in the afternoon, so it’s always a good idea to check the weather forecast before heading out.
Best Times to Visit Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
The ideal time to visit Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in Colorado is typically May through June, when the seasonal Medano Creek flows, offering a refreshing contrast to the towering sand dunes. During this period, wildflowers bloom, enhancing the park’s picturesque landscape, and pleasant daytime temperatures make exploring the park and hiking the dunes delightful.
Visitors can enjoy birdwatching and wildlife spotting in diverse habitats, while stargazers can take advantage of the park’s clear, dark skies for exceptional celestial views. New moon phases provide optimal conditions for observing the Milky Way, especially during ranger-led astronomy programs in the summer.
Embark on a memorable adventure to Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve in late spring to early summer for a captivating experience filled with natural beauty, outdoor activities, and awe-inspiring landscapes.
Mesa Verde National Park
Mesa Verde National Park is a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the ancient history and culture of the American Southwest. Located in southwestern Colorado, the park is home to some of the most well-preserved ancestral Puebloan cliff dwellings in the world. But there’s more to Mesa Verde than just its impressive archeological sites. The park is also a natural wonderland, with stunning canyons, mesas, and forests to explore.
The Ancient Puebloan Culture
The ancestral Puebloans were a Native American culture that inhabited the Four Corners region of the United States for thousands of years. They were skilled farmers, hunters, and artisans, and they developed a complex society that was centered around communal living and spiritual practices. The Puebloans lived in the Mesa Verde area for over 700 years, from around 550 AD to 1300 AD, before abandoning the region for reasons that are still not fully understood.
Today, Mesa Verde National Park preserves the legacy of the Puebloans, with over 5,000 archeological sites that offer a glimpse into their daily lives. The park’s cliff dwellings, in particular, are a testament to the Puebloans’ ingenuity and resourcefulness. Built into the sides of cliffs, these dwellings provided shelter, protection, and a sense of community for the Puebloans.
Iconic Attractions and Activities
Mesa Verde National Park is home to some of the most impressive cliff dwellings and ruins in the world. Visitors can explore these sites on guided tours, which provide insights into the Puebloan way of life and their unique architecture.
- Spruce Tree House: This dwelling contains over 100 rooms and eight kivas, or ceremonial chambers. Visitors can walk down a steep trail to reach the dwelling and explore its rooms and passageways.
- Cliff Palace: The largest and most famous cliff dwelling in the park. This dwelling contains over 150 rooms and 23 kivas, and it was likely home to around 100 people at its peak. Visitors can access Cliff Palace on a ranger-led tour, which involves climbing ladders and crawling through tunnels.
- Balcony House: This dwelling is located on a high ledge and requires visitors to climb a 32-foot ladder and crawl through a tunnel to access it. Once inside, visitors can explore its rooms and admire its stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
Hiking and Scenic Drives
In addition to its archeological sites, Mesa Verde National Park offers plenty of opportunities for hiking and scenic drives. The park has over 80 miles of hiking trails, ranging from easy mesa-top walks to challenging backcountry routes.
- Recommended hikes:
- Petroglyph Point Trail: Features ancient rock art
- Knife Edge Trail: Offers stunning views of the surrounding canyons.
- Recommended scenic drives:
- Mesa Top Loop Road: A 6-mile drive that takes visitors past several archeological sites and offers panoramic views of the park’s canyons and mesas.
- Far View Drive: A 16-mile drive that takes visitors to the park’s highest point and offers stunning views of the surrounding mountains.
Visitor Information and Tips
If you’re planning a visit to Mesa Verde National Park, start with a guided tour to get the most of the experience. You’ll learn about the history and culture of the Puebloans and get a more comprehensive understanding of the park’s landscape. The park is open year-round, but some facilities and services may have limited hours during the winter months.
When visiting the park, be sure to bring plenty of water and snacks, as the park’s high elevation can cause dehydration. Additionally, be aware that the park’s cliff dwellings require climbing ladders and crawling through small spaces, so visitors with mobility issues may want to stick to the park’s scenic drives and overlooks.
For those interested in camping, the park offers several camping options, including Morefield Campground, which has over 400 campsites and is located near the park’s entrance. For those looking for a more rustic experience, the park also offers backcountry camping permits.
Best Times to Visit Mesa Verde National Park
The optimal time to visit Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado is from late spring to early fall, specifically between May and September. This period offers the most enjoyable weather conditions and access to the park’s full range of attractions, ensuring a captivating and enriching experience. During these months, explore ancient cliff dwellings, hike through canyon landscapes, and learn about the Ancestral Pueblo people’s rich history and culture.
Peak season falls between June and August, with ranger-guided tours available for Cliff Palace, Balcony House, and Long House. To avoid crowds, consider visiting in May or September. The park also features hiking trails, scenic overlooks, and wildlife viewing opportunities.
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park is a striking landscape of sheer cliffs, narrow gorges, and rugged backcountry. The park offers opportunities for rock climbing, fishing, and birdwatching.
The Dramatic Landscape
The Black Canyon of the Gunnison is a deep, narrow gorge carved by the Gunnison River over millions of years. The canyon is over 2,000 feet deep in some places and offers breathtaking views and a sense of awe-inspiring grandeur.
The towering walls of the canyon are composed of some of the oldest rocks in North America, dating back over 1.7 billion years. These rocks have been shaped and sculpted by the forces of nature, creating a dramatic landscape that is both beautiful and awe-inspiring.
Iconic Attractions and Activities
Visitors can explore the canyon on foot, with several hiking trails offering access to viewpoints and scenic vistas. The park also has opportunities for rock climbing, fishing, and wildlife watching.
- Warner Point Nature Trail: A moderate 1.5-mile round-trip hike on the South Rim, this trail offers panoramic views of the canyon and surrounding landscape.
- Oak Flat Loop Trail: This 2-mile round-trip trail on the South Rim takes visitors closer to the steep canyon walls and provides birdwatching opportunities. The moderately strenuous hike features varied terrain, including steep sections and switchbacks.
- Gunnison Point Overlook: This easily accessible viewpoint offers a stunning panorama of the Black Canyon’s sheer cliffs and the Gunnison River. Located near the South Rim Visitor Center, the overlook is a popular spot for photography and admiring the scenery.
- Rim Rock Nature Trail: A 1-mile round-trip trail on the South Rim, this easy, family-friendly hike meanders through pinyon-juniper woodlands and offers views of the canyon and distant San Juan Mountains.
- Exclamation Point: A dramatic viewpoint along the North Rim, Exclamation Point is accessed via the 3-mile round-trip North Vista Trail. The viewpoint offers breathtaking views of the inner canyon, the Gunnison River, and the Painted Wall.
- Gunnison Route Trail: A challenging 1-mile one-way trail that descends 1,800 feet from the South Rim to the canyon floor, providing access to the Gunnison River. This trail is recommended for experienced hikers due to its steep switchbacks, scree slopes, and a section with a chain handrail.
- Painted Wall View Trail: A short, easy trail on the South Rim, leading to an overlook that showcases the tallest sheer cliff in Colorado, adorned with striking patterns from intrusions of lighter-colored pegmatite.
Rock climbers will find plenty of challenging routes in the park, with over 140 established climbing routes on the canyon walls. Fishing enthusiasts can cast their lines in the Gunnison River, which is home to several species of fish, including rainbow and brown trout.
Visitor Information and Tips
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park is a fantastic destination for a day trip or a longer stay. Keep in mind that the park doesn’t have many amenities, and visitors should come prepared with enough food, water, and supplies.
The park is also home to some venomous animals like rattlesnakes, so be cautious by staying on the trails and keeping a distance when in encounter. Visitors should also be aware of the park’s high elevation, which can cause altitude sickness in some people.
The park has several campgrounds, including South Rim Campground and North Rim Campground, which offer stunning views of the canyon and the surrounding landscape. The park also has several picnic areas, making it a great spot for a family outing or a romantic picnic. Visitors can also attend ranger-led programs and guided hikes to learn more about the park’s history and natural wonders.
Best Times to Visit Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park
The best time to visit Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park is during the late spring, summer, and early fall months, typically between May and September. During this time, the weather is generally pleasant with mild to warm daytime temperatures, which are ideal for exploring the park’s scenic drives, overlooks, and hiking trails.
Visiting during these months also ensures that both the South Rim and North Rim facilities and roads are open and accessible, as the North Rim Road and some facilities close during the winter months due to snow. Additionally, ranger-led programs and activities are usually available during the summer season, enhancing your park experience.
However, keep in mind that afternoon thunderstorms are common in the summer, so it’s a good idea to plan your outdoor activities for the morning or early afternoon to avoid potential rain or lightning.
Colorado National Monument
Colorado National Monument is an awe-inspiring treasure that showcases unique geological formations and breathtaking landscapes. This vast national park spans over 20,000 acres and is a testament to the forces of nature that have shaped the region over millions of years.
Unique Features and Landscapes
Colorado National Monument is a hidden gem that deserves a spot on your Colorado itinerary. The park features incredible red rock formations that tower over 450 feet tall, giving visitors stunning views from various viewpoints. The park’s red rock canyons, spires, and monoliths create a unique, desert-like landscape.
The Red Rock Canyons were created by erosion, and their vibrant colors are a stunning contrast against the backdrop of the surrounding high desert landscape. Visitors can admire the canyons’ unique shapes and towering cliffs, which reach heights of up to 450 feet.
The park is dotted with striking monoliths and spires, formed through a combination of weathering and erosion. These geological wonders add to the park’s otherworldly appearance and provide a glimpse into the Earth’s ancient history.
Colorado National Monument is home to a variety of wildlife, including desert bighorn sheep, mule deer, and golden eagles. Keep your eyes peeled for these magnificent creatures as you explore the park’s trails and overlooks.
Iconic Attractions and Activities
- Rim Rock Drive: This 23-mile scenic drive offers stunning views of the park’s red rock canyons, monoliths, and spires. There are several overlooks and trailheads along the route, providing ample opportunities to stop, take in the scenery, and explore on foot.
- Independence Monument: Standing at over 450 feet, Independence Monument is the tallest freestanding rock formation in the park. You can access this impressive monolith via a moderate 4.8-mile round-trip hike on the Monument Canyon Trail.
- Serpents Trail: Known as the “Crookedest Road in the World,” this 3.5-mile round-trip hike offers panoramic views of the surrounding landscape, including Wedding Canyon and the red rock formations that give the park its name.
Visitor Information and Tips
The entrance fee for Colorado National Monument is $25 per vehicle or $15 per individual (on foot or bike). Visitors can also purchase an annual pass for $45 or an America the Beautiful pass for $80, which grants access to all national parks and federal recreational lands.
The park is open 24 hours a day, year-round. However, the visitor center hours may vary seasonally, so it’s best to check their website or call ahead for the most up-to-date information.
Make sure to bring plenty of water, wear sunscreen, and dress appropriately for the weather. Be aware of the potential for sudden weather changes, and always practice Leave No Trace principles.
Best Times to Visit Colorado National Monument
The best time to visit Colorado National Monument is during the spring, between April through May, or fall from September to October, when temperatures are mild, and the park is less crowded. These seasons also provide the opportunity to witness the stunning wildflower blooms and vibrant fall foliage. Summer months can be quite hot, with temperatures frequently exceeding 90°F, so be prepared for the heat if you choose to visit during this time.
Tips for Visiting Colorado’s National Parks
Before embarking on a national park adventure, it’s essential to plan and prepare well. Here are some tips to help you plan the perfect adventure
- Check park websites for current conditions and alerts. Weather and road conditions can change quickly, so it’s important to stay up to date.
- Book accommodation and camping reservations in advance, especially during peak season. Many parks fill up quickly, so it’s best to plan ahead.
- Bring appropriate clothing and gear for the weather and activities. Colorado’s weather can be unpredictable, so it’s important to dress in layers and bring rain gear. If you plan on hiking or camping, make sure you have sturdy footwear and a backpack with essentials like water, snacks, and a first-aid kit.
- Follow Leave No Trace principles and respect park rules and regulations. National parks are protected areas, and it’s important to minimize your impact on the environment. This includes packing out all trash, staying on designated trails, and respecting wildlife and other visitors.